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Ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter are harmful air pollutants for plants These pollutants have become major environmental risk for plant health in. Many air pollutants cause oxidative stress to plants

Plants are often exposed to multiple co. Gases, liquids, airborne heavy metals and particulate matter In comparison to other factors, air pollution mostly affects flora and fauna

There are two ways by which airborne pollutants affect ecosystem, directly by toxicity and indirectly.

Air pollution as a stress factor to plants Physiological aspects of air pollution stress in plants. Air pollution significantly inhibits plant growth by interfering with photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy Pollutants like ozone and particulate.

Altogether, these data provide crucial tools for the evaluation of tolerance traits in plants toward several molecules that affect air quality, such as o 3, no 2, and pm, providing the basis for a. Plants, as sessile organisms, are particularly vulnerable to environmental stressors present in their immediate surroundings Airborne contaminants can directly interfere with plant biological. Air pollution acts as a pervasive oxidative stressor, disrupting global crop production and ecosystem health through the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ros).

This study synthesizes findings from multiple sources to examine the impacts of air pollution on human health, vegetation, and overall ecosystem stability.

Despite the high sensitivity of young seedlings to air pollution, older plants near the air pollution point sources are often more injured than young trees This is probably because the crown. Air pollution is a mixture of many pollutants viz

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